光(guang)(guang)電探(tan)(tan)測(ce)器(qi)，從其字面意思來看(kan)，相信大(da)(da)(da)家都能猜到(dao)，這種探(tan)(tan)測(ce)器(qi)能夠將(jiang)光(guang)(guang)信號轉化(hua)為電信號。光(guang)(guang)電探(tan)(tan)測(ce)器(qi)的分類有(you)好多種，根據器(qi)件(jian)工作原理的不(bu)同或者根據器(qi)件(jian)對輻(fu)射響應方式的不(bu)同，光(guang)(guang)電探(tan)(tan)測(ce)器(qi)一(yi)(yi)般分為兩大(da)(da)(da)類，一(yi)(yi)種是(shi)熱探(tan)(tan)測(ce)器(qi)，還(huan)有(you)一(yi)(yi)種是(shi)光(guang)(guang)子(zi)探(tan)(tan)測(ce)器(qi)。光(guang)(guang)電探(tan)(tan)測(ce)器(qi)的工作原理是(shi)基于光(guang)(guang)電效應，熱探(tan)(tan)測(ce)器(qi)基于材料吸(xi)收了光(guang)(guang)輻(fu)射能量后溫度(du)升高(gao)，從而(er)改變(bian)了它的電學性能，它區別于光(guang)(guang)子(zi)探(tan)(tan)測(ce)器(qi)的zui大(da)(da)(da)特點是(shi)對光(guang)(guang)輻(fu)射的波長無選(xuan)擇性。

    光電探測器是指由輻射(she)(she)引起被照射(she)(she)材料電(dian)導率改變的一種物理現(xian)象。光電(dian)探測(ce)器在(zai)軍(jun)(jun)事(shi)和國民經濟(ji)的各個領(ling)域有廣泛(fan)用(yong)(yong)途。在(zai)可見光或近紅外(wai)(wai)波(bo)段(duan)主要(yao)用(yong)(yong)于射(she)(she)線測(ce)量和探測(ce)、工(gong)業自動控(kong)制、光度計量等;在(zai)紅外(wai)(wai)波(bo)段(duan)主要(yao)用(yong)(yong)于軍(jun)(jun)工(gong)制導、紅外(wai)(wai)熱成像、紅外(wai)(wai)遙感(gan)等方(fang)面。

    光(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)探(tan)(tan)測器是一(yi)種能夠將光(guang)(guang)輻射(she)轉換成電(dian)(dian)(dian)量的(de)(de)一(yi)個器件，它(ta)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)這個特性可(ke)以(yi)(yi)進行(xing)顯示及(ji)控制的(de)(de)功能。光(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)探(tan)(tan)測器種類繁多，不勝枚舉。原則上講，只要(yao)受到光(guang)(guang)照射(she)后(hou)其物理性質會發生變化(hua)的(de)(de)任(ren)何材料(liao)都可(ke)以(yi)(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)來制作光(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)探(tan)(tan)測器。現在廣泛使用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)探(tan)(tan)測器是利用(yong)(yong)(yong)光(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)效應工作的(de)(de)，光(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)效應分為兩類：內(nei)光(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)效應和外光(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)效應。它(ta)的(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)途比較廣泛，主要(yao)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)在軍(jun)事及(ji)國名經濟的(de)(de)各個領(ling)域上。